An improved volume power approach to estimate LAI from optimized dual-polarized SAR decomposition

Abstract

ABSTRACT Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery has proven to be a valuable tool for monitoring the Earth’s surface, particularly vegetation. However, many studies using SAR have focused solely on backscattering sensitivity without considering the structural and physical properties of the vegetation being analysed. This study proposes a new approach for vegetation monitoring using the Volume Power (VP) analysis technique. The proposed method aims to improve the accuracy of VP derived from the Freeman-Durden (FD) decomposition technique for dual polarimetric SAR data. To increase the sensitivity of vegetation scattering in SAR analysis, this study modified the VP using Depolarized Volume Power (DVP) and Anisotropic Volume Power (AVP). The first modification, DVP, was achieved by incorporating the degree of polarization () in the analysis. The second modification, AVP, is achieved by considering the anisotropic scattering properties of vegetation. The modified VP is then used to estimate Leaf Area Index (LAI) using an empirical relationship between LAI and the modified VPs. The accuracy of the LAI estimation is evaluated using ground truth measurements. The results demonstrate that the proposed method provides more accurate LAI estimates than traditional methods. The approach also shows improved sensitivity to vegetation scattering compared to the original VP from the FD, indicating the effectiveness of the degree of polarization and anisotropic scattering in reducing the impact of unwanted scattering mechanisms from the surface. The accuracy (R 2) between in-situ LAI and the LAI retrieved from AVP and DVP was 0.85 and 0.82, whereas for FDVP, it was 0.74. These findings highlight the potential of the proposed approach for improving the accuracy of VP estimation in dual-polarimetric SAR data and enabling more accurate and efficient estimation of LAI.