Abstract
Information technology expressively improves remote electricity measurement and monitoring. Integrating Dynamic Thermal Current Rating (DTCR) software packs with the exclusive phasor measurement-based Wide Area Measurement (WAM) framework, the remote Transmission Lines (TLs) current rating can be measured. WAM is used for data acquisition from different sensors, and also allows data transmissions and processing for which sensor cloud system (SCS) plays a vital role. DTCR with phasor-measurement based WAM framework is mainly used to analyze and determine the current ratings of overhead TLs using weather condition estimation or prediction methods. However, the recent study suggests that the accuracy of the DTCR has become an issue in the smart grid of Sarawak Energy Berhad (SEB). Hence, this article studies and discusses the relevant models and systems, and then proposes an improved thermal pi (π) model for the transmission line thermal model of DTCR software in WAM Framework. The performance of the improved π model will be distinguished from the existing thermal model. The weather factors that bring a substantial impact on the current rating is also considered, where the relevant data is monitored via different weather sensors. Besides, this study also focuses on calibrating the DTCR through phasor measurement in the WAM system, as well as the field measured data. All the data is collected from relevant sensors, and a detailed comparative analysis is provided based on the proposed model for the sake of improving the reliability of the system. The performance analysis of the thermal models is evaluated using Matlab software-based numerical analysis.
Highlights
With the development of sensor cloud system (SCS), the applications can be extended for the improvement of the real-time monitoring system, which in turn enhances the reliability of the smart grid system [1], [2]
The performance of the improved PI model is significant since it adopts the Least Square Errors (LSE) method with the various weather conditions the transmission line
This study emphases the improvement of the Dynamic Thermal Current Ratings (DTCR) thermal model in the Wide Area Measurement (WAM) system through the Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) measurement
Summary
With the development of sensor cloud system (SCS), the applications can be extended for the improvement of the real-time monitoring system, which in turn enhances the reliability of the smart grid system [1], [2]. The existing DTCR is not fully functional due to some Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) and thermal estimation issues raised since its ambiguity as well as reservation in the calibration of constant atmospheric circumstances such as wind speed, ambient temperature, and solar irradiation intensity These weather conditions cannot be constant due to the random weather effects on the TL. In DLR technology, a real-time monitoring system is used to calculate the changing line rating of the TL with the change of weather conditions like wind direction, wind speed, ambient temperature, and solar radiation. A state of art comparison of measured data of the WAM system (using PMU measurement) with the estimated data that is achieved through the empirical assessment This is to extricate the performance of the improved DTCR thermal model over the existing model.
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