Abstract
An extended car-following model is proposed on the basis of experimental analysis to improve the performance of the traditional car-following model and simulate a microscopic car-following behaviour at signalised intersections. The new car-following model considers vehicle gather and dissipation. Firstly, the parameters of optimal velocity, generalised force and full velocity difference models are calibrated by measured data, and the problems and causes of the three models are analysed with a realistic trajectory simulation as an evaluation criterion. Secondly, an extended car-following model based on the full optimal velocity model is proposed by considering the vehicle gather and dissipation. The parameters of the new car-following model are calibrated by the measured data, and the model is compared with comparative models on the basis of isolated point data and the entire car-following process. Simulation results show that the optimal velocity, generalised force, and full velocity difference models cannot effectively simulate a microscopic car-following behaviour at signalised intersections, whereas the new car-following model can avoid a collision and has a high fit degree for simulating the measured data of the car-following behaviour at signalised intersections.
Highlights
A car-following model is a mathematical description of the movement of a car in the same lane given the change in the moving state of the front car under the case of no overtaking; this model is a link or bridge between macroscopic traffic flow theory and microscopic traffic flow model [1]
The simulation of the car-following behaviour at signalised intersections using the optimal velocity (OV) and generalised force (GF) models demonstrates the risk of a rear-end collision
The OV and GF models at the acceleration stage have the problem of acceleration insufficiency in the entire acceleration stage, the full velocity difference (FVD) model has a significant acceleration in the early acceleration stage
Summary
A car-following model is a mathematical description of the movement of a car in the same lane given the change in the moving state of the front car under the case of no overtaking; this model is a link or bridge between macroscopic traffic flow theory and microscopic traffic flow model [1]. The measured data are used to calibrate the related car-following model and conduct the fitting analysis in the literature [50, 51], and the new car-following model at signalised intersections is proposed on the basis of the analysis results; only the car-following behaviours of the gather vehicles is considered, whereas those of the dissipated vehicles are disregarded. In contrast to the literature [50, 51], the present study verifies the fit of the OV, GF, and FVD models for the measured car-following behaviour, analyses existing problems and their causes, and proposes a new car-following model on the basis of the measured data by considering the vehicle gather and dissipation behaviours.
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