An experimental study on channel type shear connectors

Abstract

This paper describes an experimental study on European channel shear connectors. While shear studs are widely used in steel–concrete composite elements, the channel connectors are also gaining popularity due to their certain advantages. The channel connectors do not require special equipment and standard welding procedures are adequate for attachment purposes. In addition, this type of connector offers higher amounts of shear resistance due to its high contact area with surrounding concrete. Although first studies date back to 1950s, little work has been done in the past to investigate their behavior. Majority of the work done to date was on channel connectors used in North America with a very limited parameter range. An experimental study consisting of 15 push-out tests was carried out to investigate the behavior of European type channel connectors with various heights and lengths. The ultimate resistance of the connectors obtained from experiments was compared against those predicted by North American steel design specifications. It was observed that the equations presented in American and Canadian specifications are too conservative. Based on a model that represents the typical failure mechanism in push-out tests, a new equation was developed for the ultimate resistance of channel shear connectors. It is shown that the developed equation is capable of predicting the ultimate resistance of channel connectors with reasonable accuracy.