Abstract
Currently, one of the current issues related to the additive manufacturing is the change in the properties of Ti-6Al-4V powder during this process. This change has been attributed to the interaction of this powder with its gaseous environment that can contain a small quantity of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide and/or water vapour. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the effect of oxygen and nitrogen partial pressure as well as the effect of the temperature on the corrosion of the Ti-6Al-4V powder. The results show that the temperature and the oxygen partial pressure have an effect on the corrosion kinetics, which is not the case of nitrogen partial pressure. This study is a first step towards a better understanding of the ageing of Ti-6Al-4V powder during additive manufacturing processes.
Highlights
Introduc on Additive manufacturing is considered a promising technology for the design of complex metallic pieces, in a rather short timeframe
Various technologies have been developed based on this concept: for instance, Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Electron Beam Melting (EBM) or Direct Metal Deposition (DMD) are the main three technologies deployed in industry
Arafat et al [16] found an absence of cracks during high temperature oxidation of Ti-6Al-4V spherical particles with a diameter smaller than 20 μm, what they explained by the absence of pores accumulation at the metal/oxide interface
Summary
Introduc on Additive manufacturing is considered a promising technology for the design of complex metallic pieces, in a rather short timeframe. The authors presented a mechanism of formation of the multi-layered oxide scale based on the activity of the elements existing in Ti-6Al-4V alloy This mechanism can be summarized as follows: after the growth of the first duplex TiO2/Al2O3 scale, the difference between the molar volume of TiO2 oxide and Ti-α (Pilling & Bedworth ratio=1.81) leads to compressive stress inside the scale, resulting in cracks at the metal/oxide interface. Arafat et al [16] found an absence of cracks during high temperature oxidation of Ti-6Al-4V spherical particles with a diameter smaller than 20 μm, what they explained by the absence of pores accumulation at the metal/oxide interface For these reasons, there is a growing interest to understand the oxidation of Ti-6Al-4V powders that takes into consideration both the geometry and the dimensions of the powders. In order to better understand the corrosion kinetics for this powder, the amount of oxidation found in this work does not represent at all the actual finding during additive manufacturing.The effect of oxygen and nitrogen partial pressure as well as the nature of the oxide scale formed on the Ti-6Al-4V powder will be discussed
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