Abstract
In general, the edges of the radiation field and optical shadow do not coincide in lead block shaped fields. In addition, there is a radiation field gradient at such junctions which extends to both sides of the optical shadow due to block-source penumbra, partial transmission through the block edges and scattering perturbations. The difference in optical shadow and open field radiation shadow is referred to as Delta S(0) whereas the total radiation gradient effect from full block transmission to open field radiation is referred to as Delta S(T). The magnitude of Delta S(0) and Delta S(T) is a function of SSD (source-surface distance), BSD (block-surface distance), central axis to block distance and block parameters including size, shape, position and density.
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