An Evaluation of chatbots on the basis of Human Cognitive Factors

Abstract

Chatbots are marvelous innovations of Artificial Intelligence designed to mimic and simulate human conversation through the best use of Natural language processing and Artificial Intelligence. Their purpose lies in formulating and generating a human-like response to the query asked. Advances in machine learning and AI have led researchers to develop chatbots to assist humans in varying tasks like helping customers in buying and selling products as well as to be used in routine tasks in the field of health, education, and commerce. The design and development of conversational agents can be varied in many ways, falling into different categories. So, the study aims at exploring the chatbots based on parameters already defined by researchers and hence contributing by presenting chatbots in terms of three eras; Early, Second, and modern eras, and then highlighting the design issues with the help of understanding human cognitive factors. In this regard past literature has been studied closely and after that design issues are carefully highlighted. There are many challenges and limitations in their application which restrain them from being more humanoid. So the study comes up with highlights the main challenges and design issues in state-of-the-art chatbots and based on those challenges few focus areas are highlighted for future research investigation.