An Enhanced MPR OLSR Protocol for Efficient Node Selection Process in Cognitive Radio Based VANET

Abstract

A VANET is an excellent instance of a wireless sensor network. The mobile vehicles are the nodes and communication happens between the vehicular nodes. This facility of communicating with the vehicular nodes finds varied applications ranging from entertainment to emergency services. When combined with cognitive radio techniques, VANETs are equipped with the facility of sensing the spectrum opportunistically. When the spectrum is sensed efficiently, the channel and the bandwidth can be utilized effectively. To achieve this, we have coordinated the enhanced Optimal Link State Routing Protocol (MMPR-OLSR) with the GSA-PSO (Gravitational Search-Particle Swarm Optimization) scheme in combination with the cognitive radio technique. This technique can be applied to the Vehicular Sensor Networks. MMPR-OLSR with GSA-PSO optimization facilitates the MMPR-OLSR protocol to select the suitable member nodes using an optimal searching technique. The GSA-PSO optimization not only helps in choosing the appropriate MMPR nodes, but also helps in reducing the unnecessary overheads due to the propagation of the control packets. By selecting the appropriate MMPR nodes. It is also possible to minimize the number of relay selector nodes used in transmission. The optimization technique also focuses on assigning the channels among all the network users. This is controlled by our proposed approach. A group of nodes are selected before the start of the actual transmission. These vehicular nodes within the communication range are used as relays in the transmission. These nodes are categorized as Multi Point Relays. Cognitive radio plays an active role by identifying the idle channels, thus enabling the usage of the unused channels. Our proposed approach works efficiently in achieving the objective of effective channel utilization combined with efficient transmission. Our proposed approach is simulated using the NS2 platform and is evaluated based on important network metrics. Our proposed method shows a sharp decrease in delay and a high packet delivery ratio in addition to a high channel utilization. The proposed GSA-PSO approach decreases the delay associated with packet transmission and delivery in VANETs and also ensures a good PDR due to the effective channel utilization.