An electronically controllable, fully floating memristor based on active elements: DO-OTA and DVCC

Abstract

In this paper, we have presented a Dual-Output Operational Transconductance Amplifier (DO-OTA) and Differential Voltage Current Conveyor (DVCC)-based fully floating emulator which enables the memristor current to flow in both directions when used with other circuit elements. The proposed memristor consists of only one DO-OTA, one DVCC, one grounded capacitor that is attractive for an integrated circuit, and two PMOS transistors operating as an electronic resistor. The proposed fully floating memristor emulator includes two very important features: (1) the fixed and variable memductance parts of the circuit are electronically adjustable, and (2) both incremental and decremental circuit behaviors can be obtained without altering the circuit topology. The circuit was laid using the Cadence Spectre Analog Environment with TSMC 0.18 µm process parameters and occupied a layout area of only 119 µm × 90 µm. The post-layout simulation results for the memristor circuit were obtained for different operating frequencies and all simulations were fully compatible with the experimental memristor behaviors. Finally, the memristor circuit was built on a breadboard using discrete circuit elements, and all experimental results were also compatible with the expected memristor characteristics.