An efficient protection scheme for microgrid using ROC of differential admittance angle

Abstract

Advancement in converter control technology enables extensive integration of renewable energy sources (RES) in a grid or distribution network and operates as a single controllable entity constituting a microgrid (MG) to provide several benefits. Further intermittency of RES modified network topology; different operating modes of MG imposes protection challenges. The fault current level varies significantly with changes in operating conditions; thus, the conventional overcurrent relays cannot detect shunt faults (SFs) and high impedance faults (HIFs). This paper introduced an efficient protection scheme utilizing the Rate of Change (ROC) of the differential positive-sequence admittance angle (DPSAA) parameter and issued the trip signal (TS). The proposed scheme is compared with the existing scheme to evaluate the performance and efficacy of the proposed scheme. Furthermore, the proposed and existing schemes are tested and validated on the modified IEEE 13 Bus test system (BTS) in MATLAB R2021b /SIMULINK platform. The obtained test result reveals the proposed scheme's efficacy in detecting both SFs and HIFs.