Abstract
Silica gel-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO2) was found to be highly efficient, eco-friendly and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines through one-pot three-component reaction of acetophenone, aryl aldehydes, and ammonium acetate under solvent-free conditions. This method has several advantages, such as simple procedure with an easy work-up, short reaction times, and high yields. Furthermore, the catalyst could be recycled after a simple work-up, and used at least three times without substantial reduction in its catalytic activity.
Highlights
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have emerged as efficient and powerful tools in modern synthetic organic chemistry because the synthesis of complex organic molecules from simple and readily available substrates can be achieved in a very fast and efficient manner without the isolation of any intermediate[1,2,3]
The catalytic applications of silica supported reagents for organic synthesis have been established, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature on the use of silica gel-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO2) in the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines
The use of heterogeneous catalysts especially under solvent-free conditions presented itself as a remarkable technique toward environmentally clean synthesis of organic compounds
Summary
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have emerged as efficient and powerful tools in modern synthetic organic chemistry because the synthesis of complex organic molecules from simple and readily available substrates can be achieved in a very fast and efficient manner without the isolation of any intermediate[1,2,3]. Triarylpyridines have been reported, for example reaction of N-(diphenylphosphinyl)-1phenylethanimine with aldehydes[12], solvent-free reaction of chalcones with ammonium acetate[13], and solvent-free reaction between acetophenones, benzaldehydes, and NH4OAc in the presence of various catalysts, for example HClO4-SiO214, Brønsted-acidic ionic liquid[15], and I216. The catalytic applications of silica supported reagents for organic synthesis have been established, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature on the use of silica gel-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO2) in the synthesis of 2,4,6-triarylpyridines.
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