Abstract
A flexible sponge-like nanogenerator (FSNG) based on ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) etched porous electret poly (vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) (P(VDF-HFP)) film is spotlighted without any electrical poling treatment. It possesses improved dielectric and ferroelectric properties than neat P(VDF-HFP) film. The FSNG harvests an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 9 V and short circuit current (Isc) of 1.3 μAcm−2 under repeated mechanical impact of 0.36 MPa stress amplitude on the top surface. With the power density (P) of 1.21 mW/cm2 and energy conversion efficiency of 0.3% it directly operates several consumer electronics. The highly sensitive (∼1 μVPa−1) FSNG is demonstrated as a self-powered wireless sensor with 3.0% efficiency for detecting some tiny human activities including finger movements.
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