Abstract
In the parking lots of public commercial areas, such as shopping malls, hospitals, and scenic spots, the parking spaces with electric vehicle (EV) charging facilities are often occupied by ordinary cars. How to regulate the parking order in the parking lot is a key issue in the operation and management of the parking facilities. In this paper, a method of assessing parking fees for vehicles parked at the charging facilities is proposed based on an economic penalty strategy, including fixed-penalty and dynamic-penalty strategies. First, a traffic flow model of the parking lot in public area is established. Then, a price and consumption model of parking fees and parking lot utilization is established, along with different penalty strategies. Finally, taking the parking lot of a shopping mall as an example, the penalty strategies are optimized through particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The simulation results show that the method proposed can help to improve the utilization of EV charging facilities in parking lots and guide the orderly parking and charging of EVs at the same time.
Highlights
In a parking lot with a parking penalty, we define the probability that ordinary car owners and electric vehicle (EV) owners park their cars in the two parking spaces as: Po2EV =
Non-linear dynamic-penalty model are similar in various indices, we describe them as dynamicThrough the five-week simulation, the average utilization rate of the charging spaces is 50.7% in the penalty model, and their average compared with non-penalty model and fixed-penalty model in non-penalty model, which meansisthat the illegal occupancy of the charging spaces is very serious
In dynamic-penalty model, the utilization rate increased from 73.4% to 84.1%, and the number of unserved EVs is reduced from 33 to 22
Summary
Lot pile which is a device installed on parking spaces to charge EVs [5]. System; the advantages of EVs over differences in the way EV drivers use public charging infrastructure. There are big example, work) (AFVs) and theistime daycan [12].beIncharged addition to these differences, differences thecharging way EVmethods drivers use public charging infrastructure.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
