Abstract
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are facing many challenges due to the limited resources. Thus, routing cost minimisation is one of the major issues in order to design a feasible network topology. This paper presents a simple and efficient data routing protocol of constructing three-dimensional (3D) WSN. It points to minimise the routing cost which includes the data gathering from deployed sensor nodes and the data forwarding to the sink(s). For this, the network is divided into 3D subspaces, and a routing centroid (RC) node is elected in the eccentricity region from any node in a subspace. In data forwarding, it selects an intermediate node in such a way that minimises the number of hops towards the sink. The simulation results show that, with benefit of RC node concept, our scheme can significantly reduce the overall data routing cost and then results in prolonging the network lifetime of a 3D WSN.
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