Abstract
We report an easy to construct imaging system that can resolve particles separated by ge 0.68 upmu m with minimum aberrations. Its first photon collecting lens is placed at a distance of 31.6 mm giving wide optical access. The microscope has a Numerical Aperture (NA) of 0.33, which is able to collect signal over 0.36 sr. The diffraction limited objective and magnifier recollects 77% photons into the central disc of the image with a transverse spherical aberration of 0.05 mm and magnification upto 238. The system has a depth of field of 142 upmu m and a field of view of 56 upmu m which images a large ensemble of atoms. The imaging system gives a diffraction limited performance over visible to near-infrared wavelengths on optimization of the working distance and the distance between the objective and magnifier.
Highlights
We report an easy to construct imaging system that can resolve particles separated by ≥ 0.68 μ m with minimum aberrations
Nelson et al first reported direct observation of individual atoms in lattice sites and imaging different lattice planes using a lens of Numerical Aperture (NA) 0.55 and magnification 3 222, which became a powerful tool for such systems to study quantum dynamics
Combination of O1 with M1, M2, M3, M4 and O2 with M1, M4 results to SR > 0.8, among them O1–M1 gives the best results with SR = 0.92, lR = 0.68 μ m and a diffraction limited performance over M = 73 to 238; whereas O2–M1 with SR = 0.87 and lR = 0.7 μ m is a probable choice but offers a comparatively lower magnification ranging from 51 to 65
Summary
We report an easy to construct imaging system that can resolve particles separated by ≥ 0.68 μ m with minimum aberrations. These applications demand sub-micron resolution for detection of trapped ions and atoms in optical lattices18–22 Different approaches, such as, by measuring the current produced upon impinging of a focussed electron beam on to the sample and most commonly by setting up of a high quality imaging system are being used. In the latter case, the signal photons either from fluorescence or from absorption imaging are collected by different customized optical systems such as micro fabricated Phase Fresnel lenses (PFLs) or by using high NA diffraction limited objectives. The described imaging system will be used to image single Ytterbium-ion using its 2S1/2 →2 P1/2 fluorescence at the wavelength 369.5 nm in our optical clock e xperiment
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