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https://doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2021.9592
Copy DOIPublication Date: May 1, 2021 |
There is a growing need for fusion and convergence technology between UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)s, which is attracting attention as a new growth engine for spatial information in the future. This need bolsters research efforts to make use of UAV and location positioning technologies based on their fusion and convergence in various fields. Therefore, this study set out to assess georeferencing method techniques based on RTK (Real Time Kinematic), PPK (Post Processed Kinematic), and GCP (Ground Control Point), which are types of UAV photogrammetry based on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) positioning technology on the basis of fusion and convergence between UAVs, whose utilization began in survey, architecture, forestry, and disaster prevention, and location positioning technologies in location accuracy, work time, and accessibility of final results (mapping). The study also aimed to propose a technique of UAV photogrammetry based on GNSS positioning technologies capable of offering options according to areas of application, including UAV-based aerial photogrammetry, disaster prevention in agriculture, inspection of construction and structures, and forest survey. These techniques were applied to a research lot of approximately 0.6 Km2, and their outcomes were analyzed. The analysis results show that RTK and PPK had all of their operations automated and were thus able to reduce work time and GCP volume in the field. They could, however, cause problems with checking survey outcomes or testing their accuracy, except for the georeferencing approach based on GCP. These outcomes were arranged according to the survey methods: RTK will be applicable to areas where its real-time application is possible; PPK will be applicable to areas characterized by faster work times, small volume of indoor work, and medium-level accuracy in the field; and the GCP-based georeferencing technique will be applicable to areas that require a lot of work time and high accuracy. The findings of the study provide information about appropriate techniques and their advantages and disadvantages for each area of application. The study also offered a set of criteria to apply UAV photogrammetry techniques to the environment, ecology, and disaster prevention as well as spatial imagery information, thus considerably improving the efficiency of related jobs.
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