An approach to the Paal–Knorr pyrroles synthesis catalyzed by Sc(OTf) 3 under solvent-free conditions

Abstract

A facile synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles by the Paal–Knorr condensation has been accomplished using a simple procedure. Among different metal triflates screened, 1 mol % Sc(OTf) 3 efficiently promoted the reaction to give excellent yield (89–98%) under mild reaction conditions. Additionally, Sc(OTf) 3 could be recovered easily after the reactions and reused without evident loss in activity.