Abstract
Electricity generation, transmission, and distribution have jointly constituted a major challenge in Nigeria for decades. Currently, approximately 41% of the country’s citizens have no access to electricity. In this study, an economically viable, renewable, and sustainable plan to achieve 100% electrification in Nigeria by 2030 is presented. The use of natural gas (NG), wind onshore (WON), wind offshore, photovoltaic (PV), concentrated solar power, and hydro-power plants was analyzed. Pumped hydro-storage is the only electricity storage system considered in this study. A total of 99 different scenarios resulting from the combination of the aforementioned technologies were considered. The initial investment, total annual cost, share of renewable energy, carbon emissions, and electricity production of each of the scenarios were analyzed. A one-year analysis based on hourly time-step was conducted using EnergyPLAN. Power production importation and critical excess electricity production are the deterministic factors in this study. The electricity demand in Nigeria is estimated to be 200 TWh/yr by 2030. A NG capacity of 36,000 MW will be required to meet this demand if a single power technology is implemented. The most sustainable plan is the use of combined NG and PV or NG and WON to meet the electricity demand.
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