Abstract
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices, which is implemented to rank countries into different items of human development including life expectancy, education, living standards. This paper uses fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to rank five influencing factors including income, culture, healthcare, knowledge and civil rights in Iran. Using a questionnaire in linguistic form, the study asks some experts to make judgment about the relative importance of each pair of five items and it ranks them based on fuzzy AHP technique. The results indicate that income is number priority followed by knowledge, culture, civil rights and healthcare affairs.
Highlights
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices, which is implemented to rank countries into different items of human development including life expectancy, education, living standards
The indicators are normalized based on a minimum value of zero and maximum values are set to the actual observed maximum value of mean years of schooling from the countries in the time series, 1980–2012, which is 13.3 years estimated for the United States in 2010
According to Ravallion (2012), The 20th Human Development Report introduced a new version of its HDI, which aggregates country-level attainments in life expectancy, schooling and income
Summary
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income indices, which is implemented to rank countries into different items of human development including life expectancy, education, living standards. The first HDI introduced a new way of measuring development by integrating indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income into HDI. The indicators are normalized based on a minimum value of zero and maximum values are set to the actual observed maximum value of mean years of schooling from the countries in the time series, 1980–2012, which is 13.3 years estimated for the United States in 2010. The life expectancy at birth component of the HDI is normally measured based on a minimum value of 20 years and maximum value of 83.57 years and it is the observed maximum value of the indicators from the countries in the time series, 1980–2012. According to Ravallion (2012), The 20th Human Development Report introduced a new version of its HDI, which aggregates country-level attainments in life expectancy, schooling and income. The new HDI's valuations of extra schooling are very high—many times the economic returns
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