Abstract
A highly sensitive and selective imidazole-based fluorescent “on–off” probe, (2-(4,5-bis((E)-4-methoxystyryl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl) phenol) (BMIP), is synthesized and characterized. The fluorescence of the compound is quenched by Cu2+ ions, contrary to the response at the addition of other metal ions. Further, the color change due to Cu2+ ion addition is noticeable with naked eyes. A 1:1 stoichiometry of BMIP/Cu2+ is observed. An excellent Cu2+ sensing with high quantum efficiency of the compound was successfully utilized to probe the cancer cells by using fluorescence microscopy. In addition, the compound is tested for its in vitro anti-proliferative activity against human liver and lung cancer cell lines. The in vitro study demonstrated the efficiency of BMIP against selected cancer cells, with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 12 ± 1.0 µM, 11 ± 1.0 µM lung and liver cancer cells, respectively. The occurrence of apoptotic bodies indicated that the cell death induced by BMIP through activation of apoptotic pathway. Overall, our findings signify that BMIP is one of the most promising drugs holding significant pharmaceutical potential in cancer treatment.
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