Abstract
A cone, and a seed from the late Early Oligocene of Proboštov (Holý Kluk Hill) in the volcanic complex of the České stiředohoiří Mts., North Bohemia (Central Europe) confirm the presence of Calocedrus in the Tertiary of Europe. The foliage intimately associated at Proboštov, and occurring also in the same level at Suletice, is similar in opposite branching to some extant members of the Cupressaceae confined to the Southern Hemisphere ( Libocedrus E ndl ., Austrocedrus F lorin & B outelje , Papuacedrus L i ). Although the extant species of Calocedrus are restricted to western North America and eastern Asia, Calocedrus suleticensis (B rabenec ) comb. n. indicates the earliest fossil record of Calocedrus in Europe based on reproductive structures. It differs from the extant species by more pronounced basal pair of cone scales with subterminal mucro and oppositely branched foliage. The same kind of foliage has been recovered also in the Early Oligocene of Hungary (Eger-Kiseged) and Early Miocene of Greece (Kymi).
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