An Analytical Multiple-Temperature Model for Flash Laser Irradiation on Single-Layer Graphene.

Anca M Bucă,Ion N Mihăilescu,Muhammad Arif Mahmood,Carmen Ristoscu,Mihai Oane,Bogdan A Sava

doi:10.3390/nano10071319

Abstract

A Multiple-Temperature Model is proposed to describe the flash laser irradiation of a single layer of graphene. Zhukovsky’s mathematical approach is applied to solve the Fourier heat equations based upon quantum concepts, including heat operators. Easy solutions were inferred with respect to classical mathematics. Thus, simple equations were set for the electrons and phonon temperatures in the case of flash laser treatment of a single layer of graphene. Our method avoids the difficulties and extensive time-consuming nonequilibrium green function method or quantum field theories when applied in a condensed matter. Simple expressions were deduced that could prove useful for researchers.

Highlights

Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material, consisting of a hexagonally arranged lattice of carbon atoms
The main goal of the current study is to develop a less sophisticated Multiple-Temperature Model (MTM) using the Zhukovsky’s formalism [20,21,22], producing innovation in current field
We have presented the general formalism of thermal effects in Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1319 laser-graphene interaction

Summary

Introduction

Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) material, consisting of a hexagonally arranged lattice of carbon atoms. Most of the thermal properties of Graphene are derivatives of graphite, and allow the inscription of the exceedingly anisotropic nature of this material [1]. The thermal properties of graphene originate from its 2D nature, shaping a rich area for new disclosures of heat flow physics and conceivably prompting novel thermal management applications [2]. Electron–Phonon (E–P) coupling is the main phenomenon that intermediates Joule heating, laser–material interactions, and hot electron relaxation. The cost of the simulation is high; MTM can still be used by allowing the phonons to interact with a common thermal reservoir under relaxation time approximation. The MTM for flash laser experiments in the case of a Single Layer of Graphene (SLG) is combined with Zhukovsky’s approach to heat equations. Simple expressions for the electron and phonon temperatures during flash laser experiments on single-layer graphene are developed

Basic Statement

Linking the Zhukovsky’s Formalism and MTM: A Novel Approach

Simulations

Limitations of Current Model

Findings

Conclusions and Outlook