Abstract
Biomass is viewed as one of the critical renewable energies and it widely exists in nature. Developing bioenergy has been promoted as a viable mean of dealing with environment issues that are related to the utilization of fossil fuel. However, due to many obstacles, the biomass and bioenergy technology has not won widespread support in developing countries, like China, with vast land area, particularly in rural area. Furthermore, most existing researches just focused on the description of the influence factors, along with the solution to the technical problems, while many social factors are overlooked. In fact, the process of developing biomass is indeed complicated due to the need for consensus and active participation of the various stakeholders, such as the government, the industry, and the local residents. Therefore, while integrating the intuitionistic fuzzy logic and fuzzy cognitive map, this study constructs an intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive map (IFCM) that is in line with experts’ suggestions and the current literature to investigate how to promote the development of biomass through enhancing public acceptance. We conduct several simulations from the perspective of different stakeholders, according to the IFCM. The analysis results reveal the influence mechanism in the system and illustrate the effect of various factors that are stressed by every stakeholder. The research design also provides a reference for future studies.
Highlights
IntroductionThe utilization of fossil fuel is an essential driver for economic development, but it leads to many serious problems (e.g., air pollution, greenhouse effect, energy depletion, and energy security).The threat of climate change as a result of greenhouse gas is attracting the global attention
The utilization of fossil fuel is an essential driver for economic development, but it leads to many serious problems.The threat of climate change as a result of greenhouse gas is attracting the global attention
The development of biomass technology has made a significant contribution to ecological resources circulation and the environment improvement of China, especially in rural areas
Summary
The utilization of fossil fuel is an essential driver for economic development, but it leads to many serious problems (e.g., air pollution, greenhouse effect, energy depletion, and energy security).The threat of climate change as a result of greenhouse gas is attracting the global attention. 181 parties have signed the Paris agreement, which states that all parties will put forward their best effort to work out climate change, so as to pursue to keep a global temperature rise below two degrees above pre-industrial levels [1]. Under this situation, sustainable development is stressed again, so the substitution of conventional energy by renewable energy attracts considerable attention, for which bioenergy is viewed as an important alternative with huge potential [2,3]. The estimates of the potential of biomass source in Cameroon showed that all the biomass was able to generate 12 times the amount of national electricity production in Energies 2019, 12, 1598; doi:10.3390/en12091598 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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