An Analysis of Lead (Pb) Levels in the Urine of Gas Station Operators Based on Individual Characteristics (A Case Study at Kali Rungkut and Panjang Jiwo Gas Station Surabaya)

Abstract

Improved means of transportation have several positive and negative impacts. The most-occurred adverse effects is a decrease in environmental quality. Emissions from vehicles will continue to increase every single day and will be the dominant source of air pollutants. Pb or lead is one of the contaminants of vehicle mobility. Gas station operators are at risk of having high Pb levels in their bodies. This happened because the gas station operators are exposed to Pb for 8 hours/day from motor vehicle emissions as well as gasoline fumes when consumers refuel. This study aims to analyse and determine the lead (Pb) levels in the urine of gas station operators based on their characteristics at Panjang Jiwo and Kalirungkut gas station Surabaya. This research is quantitative research with a descriptive method that compares the results of measurements in the field with the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1406 / Menkes / SK / XI concerning the Examination Standard of Black Lead Levels in Human Biomarker Specimen. Measurements were made on the urine of twelve gas station operators at two gas stations. The results of the study showed that the analysis of Pb levels in the urine of twelve respondents was below the threshold value of 0.1 mg/l. There is also a tendency that the longer the service life of the operator and the increasing age, the higher the Pb level in the urine of gas station operators.