Abstract
Background: The high blood pressure (BP) or hypertension is a widely prevalent disease and its costs are very high, and many studies about the relationships between BP and health conditions have been done. We need to know the precise distributions of BP and factors affecting BP. Data and Methods: The distributions of BP are analyzed using 12,877,653 observations obtained from the JMDC Claims Database. The factors that may affect the BP are analyzed by the regression models using 4,615,346 observations. Results: The averages of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) are 120.4 and 74.2 mmHg with standard deviations of 15.9 and 11.3 mmHg, respectively. Among the nonmodifiable factors, age and gender are important factors. Among the modifiable factors, variables related to obesity are important risk factors. Taking antihypertensive drugs makes SBP and DBP 13.4 mmHg and 7.8 mmHg lower. Conclusion: The criteria of BP should be carefully determined considering age and gender. The effects of age may be a little different for SBP and DBP. It is necessary to use the proper model to evaluate the effect of antihypertensive drugs correctly. Limitations: The dataset is observatory. Although there are various types of treatment methods and antihypertension drugs, their effects are not evaluated.
Highlights
The results show the very similar tendency to those of Model 1B for the estimates of t1 Body mass index (BMI) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) Triglyceride ALT AST GGP B_Sugar hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Log likelihood SE: Standard error
blood pressure (BP) in Japan is evaluated using the JMDC Claims Database containing 13,157,681 medical checkup observations obtained from 3,233,271 individuals from January, 2005 to September, 2019
diastolic BP (DBP) becomes higher as an individual becomes older; the increasing rate becomes smaller in Models 2A and 2C
Summary
Nawata et al [32] evaluated BP using a dataset of 113,979 medical checkup observations obtained from 48,022 individuals belonging to one health insurance society in Japan from April, 2013 to March, 2016 They performed regression analysis and reported that factors affecting BP were age, gender, some eating habits, daily activities, smoking, drinking alcohol, sleeping and wages. Sugano and Kimura [38] analyzed the effects of BP, antihypertensive drugs and other factors on the probability of undergoing HD treatments using a dataset containing 83,287 medical check-up and treatment records obtained from 35,504 individuals in 5 fiscal years They could not find evidence that a higher SBP increased the probability of undergoing HD treatment. The distributions of SBP and DBP are evaluated, and factors affecting the SBP and DBP are analyzed
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