Abstract
The mobility and resource limitation of nodes are the critical factors that affect the performance of Mobile AD hoc network (MANET). The mobility of nodes will affect the stability of links, and the limitation of node resources will lead to congestion, so it is very difficult to design a routing protocol that supports quality of service (QoS) in MANET. Especially in the scenario of high-speed node movement, frequent link interruption will damages QoS performance, so it is necessary to design MANET routing protocol that can adapt to network topology changes to support QoS. In this paper, we propose a Topological change Adaptive Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (TA-AOMDV) routing protocol, which can adapt to high-speed node movement to support QoS. In this protocol, a stable path selection algorithm is designed, which not only takes node resources (residual energy, available bandwidth and queue length) as the path selection parameters, but also considers the link stability probability between nodes. Furthermore, in order to adapt to the rapid change of topology, link interrupt prediction mechanism is integrated into the protocol, which updates the routing strategy based on periodic probabilistic estimates of link stability. Different scenarios with node speed in the range of 10-50m/s, data rate in the range of 4-40kbps and number of nodes in the range of 10-100 are simulated on NS2 platform. Our results show that the QoS metrics (packet delivery rate, end-to-end delay, and throughput) of the proposed protocol are significantly improved when the node speed is higher than 30m/s although it is slightly better when the node speed is lower than 30m/s. Our on-demand multipath routing protocol demonstrates high potential to support QoS for high-speed MANET.
Highlights
We propose a multipath routing protocol that can adapt to rapid topology change and try to guarantee quality of service (QoS) in Mobile ad hoc network (MANET)
Where TH is the throughput increment and OH is the increment of routing overhead, which can be obtained from equations (29) and (30) respectively. It can be seen from the data in the table that the throughput of the four protocols is better than Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV), in which the TH of QMR and QoS-AOMDV do not change significantly in different speed scenarios
QoS routing protocols that can adapt to rapid topology changes will help network applications in high-speed MANET, such as Vehicular Ad-hoc network (VANET)
Summary
MANETs has been widely applied in a great variety of scenarios, such as in disaster recovery, video conferencing and health care, battlefield communications, where audio/video data are most likely to be transmitted [1]. It is very challenging to guarantee QoS in MANETs because they lack satisfactory management and scheduling of resources by central node, and suffer from external interference and internal failure such as link failure, battery failure, burst traffic, heavy traffic, and process failures [4]. The mobile nodes are typically battery constrained and the battery failure of a node affects that particular link and the whole network topology [6]. It is needed to manage the network to meet the requirement of communication quality when resources (bandwidth, queue length, battery capacity, etc.) are limited [7]. These issues may increase latency and packet loss rate and reduce throughput. Research and development on new routing technique in MANET adapting to the dynamic changes and resources constrained are highly desirable [8]–[11]
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