An adaptive CGPC based anti-windup PI controller with stability constraints for the intermittent power penetrated system

Abstract

With the increasing penetration of the renewable energy, the modern power system is facing greater challenges to maintain the frequency stability, which can be studied with load frequency control (LFC). Since the conventional proportional integral (PI) controller can’t necessarily satisfy the ever-growing robustness requirement, an adaptive constrained generalized predictive control (CGPC) based anti-windup PI controller with stability constraints is proposed, which is referred to as CGPC-PI in this article. Wherein, the CGPC logic in the upper hierarchy acts as a real-time optimizer for the PI parameters in the lower hierarchy. The proposed control scheme inherits the self-tuning and adaptive control characteristics from CGPC and can maintain the facilities and control logic from PI. Furthermore, simpler stability constraints and performance improvement could be gained considering that PI is the actual implementing control method. Simulation experiments are conducted to reveal the frequency regulation performances in a Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and Governor Deadband (GDB) involved interconnected power system with intermittent power penetration. The results can testify the superiority of CGPC-PI over the comparative methods in terms of the overshoot and damping performance, which includes:(1) CGPC-PI outperforms PI and CGPC. (2) the superiority is more obvious when working with varying disturbances which is big enough can trigger the anti-windup scheme. (3) CGPC-PI can enhance the frequency regulation performance of the intermittent power penetrated systems.