Amyloid Fibrils: the Eighth Wonder of the World in Protein Folding and Aggregation

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Protein folding, misfolding, and aggregation are among the central topics of molecular biology in the postgenome era. Increasing evidence indicates that protein aggregation plays a vital role in a variety of biological processes. Specifically, fibrillar aggregates, i.e., filamentous assemblies of peptides and proteins that possess a common cross-β sheet structure, have been found in a wide range of organisms, from bacteria to mammals, and have been shown to possess different physiological functions.