Amyloid cardiomyopathy: сlinical significance and diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging

Abstract

The incidence and prevalence of amyloid cardiomyopathy (AC) has been increasing in recent years, and this diagnosis is often detected at the final stage. This determines late prescription of specific therapy and worsening prognosis of patients. Unfortunately, doctors are not sufficiently informed about the pathogenesis of AC and diagnostic methods. This circumstance leads to prolongation of time from the manifestation of the disease to the diagnosis. Despite the presence of a large number of AC masks, a number of specific clinical diagnostic markers called «red flags» helps to suspect AC. In addition, the development of diagnostic algorithms using non-invasive imaging methods can help not only in diagnosing AC at an early stage of the disease, but also in determining the type of amyloidosis, that determines the success of timely administration of disease-modifying therapy. The aim of this review is to analyze the possibility of using MRI criteria to attempt non-invasive typing of amyloidosis and to differentiate ATTR and AL AС.