Ampullary organ morphology of freshwater salmontail catfish, Arius graeffei.

Abstract

Two types of ampullary organs are present in the skin of the freshwater salmontail catfish, Arius graeffei, each consisting of a short canal (0.2-0.5 mm) oriented perpendicular to the basement membrane and ending in an ampulla. Histochemical staining techniques (Alcian blue and Lillie's allochrome) indicate that the ampullary canals contain an acidic mucopolysaccharide gel, which is uniform in its staining properties along the canals. Type II ampullary organs consist of a canal, the wall of which is lined with cuboidal epithelial cells. The canal opens into an ampulla with 50-60 receptor cells. Electron microscopy reveals that the pear-shaped receptor cells bear microvilli on their luminal surface and lie adjacent to an unmyelinated neuron. Type III ampullary organs differ from Type II in that the canal wall consists of cells that possess a protein-rich sac at the luminal apex and have a polymorphic nucleus. The canals of Type III ampullary organs open to an ampulla with 8-30 receptor cells similar in both staining properties and structure to those of the Type II organ. In both types of ampullary organs, supportive cells surround each receptor cell except at the apex of the receptor cell.