Abstract
Lung disease caused by Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria (NTM) is increasing in prevalence. NTM lung disease is notable for poor response to therapy. Saccharomyces boulardii is probiotic that can be effective in inflammatory gastrointestinal disease with diverse pathophysiology. The present study investigated the effects of the products of S. boulardii-B508 on burden of NTM-Mycobacterium intracellulare complex in human macrophage infection in vitro. It was found that the supernatant of S. boulardii-B508 inhibited the growth of Mycobacterium intracellulare in human macrophage infection and induced infected cell apoptosis. The data of RT-PCR showed that the products of S. boulardii-B508 inhibited IL-8 expression during M. intracellulare infection in human macrophages due to its effects on NF-kB activation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of effective products of S. boulardii on NTM infection in human macrophage. S. boulardii possesses anti-NTM lung disease properties in human macrophage worthy of further evaluation in clinical studies.
Highlights
Mycobacteria are rod-shaped, non-motile and acid-fast bacteria that have high lipid content in their cell wall [1]
The number or M. intracellulare was significantly decreased after two days or four days of infection in cells cultured with S. boulardii-B508 supernatant compared with the control THP-1 cells (Figure 1)
S. boulardii as a probiotic is used in the treatment of Clostridium difficile diarrhea, colitis and protects C. difficile-induced inflammatory diarrhea in human due, in part, to proteolytic digestion of toxin A and B molecules by a secreted protease [24]
Summary
Mycobacteria are rod-shaped, non-motile and acid-fast bacteria that have high lipid content in their cell wall [1]. A. Bai et al 966 disease and is a group of pathogens, consisting of Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium intracellulare, principally found in soil, water, dust and other biofilms [2]. In the United States and most European countries, M. avium and M. intracellulare are the most common cause of pulmonary Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) disease that is increasingly reported [3]. M. avium and M. intracellulare were found in the majority of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, and 10% of thses patients have had symptom of diarrhea in the past [4]. Studies that could help us to potentially enhance the host immunomodulatory response and therapy against the mycobacteria is imminent
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