Ammonium Perchlorate-Based Energetic Molecular Perovskite DAP-4 Deposited on CNTs: Catalytic Decomposition Behavior, Mechanisms, and Kinetics

Abstract

Energetic molecular perovskite with superior decomposition enthalpy and high oxidizing ability is the out coming potential oxidizer in advanced highly energetic systems. In this study, perovskite DAP-4 was fabricated by molecular assembly stagey; multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were employed as a potential catalyst for thermal decomposition of DAP-4. Encapsulation method was adopted to develop DAP-4@MWCNTs nanocomposite. MWCNTs experienced superior catalytic effect on DAP-4 decomposition. MWCNTs offered an increase in DAP-4 decomposition enthalpy by 37.5%, with decrease in its main decomposition temperature by 6 °C. Decomposition kinetics were investigated via isoconversional (model free) and model fitting including Kissinger, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), and integral isoconversional method of Ozawa, Flyn and Wall (FWO). DAP-4@MWCNTs demonstrated apparent activation energy of 135.3 ± 3.9 kJ/mol compared with 142.3 ± 4.15 kJ/mol for pure DAP-4 via KAS model. While DAP-4 demonstrated decomposition reaction of first order reaction model (F1); DAP-4@MWCNTs demonstrated decomposition reaction of third order model (F3). Moreover, a possible catalytic mechanism of MWCNTs via induced holes and electrons to enhance electron transfer ability. This work could promote the application of DAP-4 in the field of solid rocket propellant.