Abstract
The possibility of using ammonium fluoride as a new reagent for processing mineral raw materials is considered. Ammonium fluorides are the most convenient and technological fluorinating agents for the decomposition of the silicon component of ores. Advantages the use of ammonium fluoride (or hydrodifluoride) as a desiliconizing agent, the possibility of its complete regeneration. The processes of deep processing of silicon, zirconium, titanium, and beryllium minerals are considered. The excellence of using ammonium fluoride in the processing of mineral raw materials have been proven. The physicochemical laws of the processes are considered, technological schemes are proposed. The material will be useful in the further introduction of fluoride technologies at enterprises for the processing of quartz, zircon, ilmenite, and phenakite.
Highlights
Hydrometallurgy of non-ferrous and rare metals with a high energy intensity of the release of microcomponents from mineral raw materials and a significant negative situation on the biosphere
One valuable component is usually extracted from complex ores, the rest go into slag
Thermal analysis was performed using thermogravimetric analysis (DTA)—is the starting characterization test for any thermal analysis. This characterization test gives an understanding of the thermal stability of a sample by giving a weight loss/gain signal as the sample is heated at a known rate in time and exposure to a given atmosphere
Summary
Hydrometallurgy of non-ferrous and rare metals with a high energy intensity of the release of microcomponents from mineral raw materials and a significant negative situation on the biosphere. These factors lead to the need to create fundamentally new technologies in which the amount of waste is minimized. In an ideal chemical technology, any waste should become a commercial product, and the reagents should undergo complete regeneration and return to production. The basis of mineral and technogenic raw materials is usually silicon oxide and iron oxides. Silicate minerals interfere with the hydrometallurgical interaction of the recovered commercial component with the reagent.
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