Abstract
Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is one of the key promising technologies that can reduce GHG emissions from those industries that generate CO2 as part of their production processes. Compared to other effective CO2 capture methods, the adsorption technique offers the possibility of reducing the costs of the process by setting solid sorbent with a high capacity of adsorption and easy regeneration and, also, controlling the performance of gas-solid contactor. In this work, an amine-functionalized mesoporous sorbent was used to capture CO2 emissions in a confined-fluidized bed. The adoption of a confined environment allows the establishment of a homogeneous expansion regime for the sorbent and allows to improve the exchange of matter and heat between gas and solid phase. The results illustrate how the different concentration of the solution adopted during the functionalization affects the adsorption capacity. That, measured as mg of CO2 per g of sorbent, was determined by breakthrough curves from continuous adsorption tests using different concentrations of CO2 in air. Mesoporous silica functionalized with a concentration of 20% of APTES proves to be the best viable option in terms of cost and ease of preparation, low temperature of regeneration, and effective use for CO2 capture.
Highlights
The long-term effects of climate change, including further ice melt, ocean warming, sea-level rise, and ocean acidification, are determined primarily by anthropogenic CO2 emissions of the last century: a problem that requires an urgent solution
Particle apparent density of the porous adsorbent was determined according to the method proposed by Abrahamsen and Geldart (1980) and explained comprehensively in previous works [35,38]
Two layouts of gas-sorbent contact were explored: in conventional mode, adsorption was carried at fixed bed condition and bubbling regime; in the confined-fluidized bed, two different conditions of homogeneous expansion were obtained for two values of gas velocity
Summary
The long-term effects of climate change, including further ice melt, ocean warming, sea-level rise, and ocean acidification, are determined primarily by anthropogenic CO2 emissions of the last century: a problem that requires an urgent solution. There are various alternatives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and, in particular, CO2 : reducing the consumption of fossil sources, increasing energy efficiency, using renewable sources or nuclear energy. These widely recognized solutions, involve a radical change in energy policies, which require a long period of implementation. The current techniques for CO2 capture include physical and chemical absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption. Absorption is an effective technology, it is costly due to the high energy consumption for solvent regeneration [2]
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