Abstract
In this article, Segal examines the little-known role of American medical personnel during the Russian Persian Expedition (1915–1916). This operation, part of World War I, involved Russian forces attempting to counter Ottoman advances in Persia. American Red Cross doctors and nurses, supported by U.S.-based humanitarian and commercial interests, provided critical medical care under harsh conditions. Their responsibilities ranged from treating Russian soldiers and Turkish prisoners to aiding Armenian and Assyrian genocide survivors. Segal emphasizes the historical neglect of this expedition and highlights the Americans' contributions, revealing the humanitarian and logistical challenges of their mission in a politically volatile region.
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