Abstract
Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a group of hereditary disorders characterised by quantitative or qualitative tooth enamel abnormalities without systemic symptoms. Hereditary enamel dysplasia, Hereditary brown enamel, and Hereditary brown opalescent teeth are different names for the same abnormality, which is exclusively ectodermal because the mesodermal components of the teeth are normal. The AI trait can be inherited in one of three ways: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, or X-linked. Genes encoding enamel matrix proteins, such as enamelin and ameloblastin, tuftelin, MMP-20, and kallikrein -4 are implicated in autosomal variants.
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