Ameliorative Effects of Loganin on Arthritis in Chondrocytes and Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus-Induced Animal Model.

Eunkuk Park,Subin Yeo,Hyoju Jeon,Chang Gun Lee,Seon-Yong Jeong,Seokjin Hwang,Hyesoo Jeong,Seong-Hoon Yun,Jeonghyun Kim,Seung Hee Yun

doi:10.3390/ph14020135

Abstract

Arthritis is a common inflammatory disease that causes pain, stiffness, and joint swelling. Here, we investigated the ameliorative effects of loganin on arthritis in vitro and in vivo. A single bioactive compound was fractionated and isolated from Cornus officinalis (CO) extract to screen for anti-arthritic effects. A single component, loganin, was identified as a candidate. The CO extract and loganin inhibited the expression of factors associated with cartilage degradation, such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), in interukin-1 beta (IL-1β)-induced chondrocyte inflammation. In addition, prostaglandin and collagenase levels were reduced following treatment of IL-1β-induced chondrocytes with loganin. In the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)-induced mouse model, loganin administration attenuated cartilage degeneration by inhibiting COX-2, MMP-3, and MMP-13. Transverse micro-CT images revealed that loganin reduced DMM-induced osteophyte formation. These results indicate that loganin has protective effects in DMM-induced mice.

Highlights

Arthritis is a medical condition that affects joint inflammation, with pain, swelling, and stiffness of the cartilage [1]
To examine the inhibitory effect of Cornus officinalis (CO) extract on inflammation, we investigated the inflammatory response induced by IL-1β (1 ng/mL) treatment in chondrocytes
A previous study demonstrated that the CO extract contains different bioactive compounds [27]

Summary

Introduction

Arthritis is a medical condition that affects joint inflammation, with pain, swelling, and stiffness of the cartilage [1]. The onset of arthritis is induced by the breakdown of cartilage in the joint, resulting in mechanical stress on the cartilage [3]. Mechanical stress induces the production of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in chondrocytes, which increases the expression of inflammatory factors, such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) plays a critical role in the regulation of MMP-3, MMP-13, and COX-2, which control the production of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) and collagen type II alpha 1 chain (Col2a1) [6,7]. Chemical medications are used to reduce the pathogenesis of arthritis, adverse effects are associated with their long-term use, including constipation, nausea, and vomiting [11]

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