Abstract
BackgroundMedicinal plant extracts used in folk medicine seem to be crucial since those are generally accepted by people without worrying about the toxicity. In our present study, we have compared the neuroprotective role of the rhizome of Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. and leaf extracts of Olea dioica Roxb., against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.ResultsIn-vivo neurotoxic study was carried out using 7-day-old flies (wild-type D. melanogaster). Prior to co-after exposing the flies with acrylamide (8 mM) along with or without OLE-2 and CU-3 fractions (0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% w/v), the heads of flies of both the control and treated groups were homogenized for biochemical assay. ACR-treated groups have shown higher elevation in AChE, SOD, LPO, and CAT activity when compared to control and treated (plant fraction) groups. Biochemical and histopathology studies show that both the plant fractions (OLE-2 and CU-3) have neuroprotective action against acrylamide.ConclusionThe present study has demonstrated that dietary supplementation with plant fraction of OLE-2 and CU-3 has increased antioxidant enzymes and decreased AChE activity in D. melanogaster. This activity could be part of the probable mechanisms of action by which OLE-2 and CU-3 fractions have extended the lifespan and locomotory activity in fruit flies. These fruit flies continue to provide an exciting system for metabolic studies and should be more extensively exploited. Based on these results, further studies on the identified bioactive compounds from these two plants are being planned.
Highlights
Medicinal plant extracts used in folk medicine seem to be crucial since those are generally accepted by people without worrying about the toxicity
The percentage (%) survival of plant fraction-treated flies was significantly higher compared to ACR-treated group, so it can be inferred that the Olea Dioica Roxb. Leaf fraction (OLE-2) and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn rhizome fraction (CU-3) plant fractions were effective against ACR toxicity
The ACR-induced neural dysfunctions and oxidative stress after seven-day ACR exposure flies fed with 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6% of OLE-2 and CU-3 plant fractions showed better survival than the different fly group fed with the plant fraction
Summary
Medicinal plant extracts used in folk medicine seem to be crucial since those are generally accepted by people without worrying about the toxicity. Acrylamide causes some alterations in the neurotransmitters released in the brain region, neurofilament distribution, demyelination of neurons, loss of body weight, reduction in RBC cells and haemoglobin level (Adewale et al, 2015; Imai & Kitahashi, 2012). Medicinal plant extracts are being used from ancient times to treat a range of diseases including diabetes, cancer, skin diseases and cardiovascular diseases (Adewale et al, 2015). The rising popularity of plant bioactive compounds as an alternative to synthetic drugs is primarily because they are generally regarded as safe, affordable, accessible (Priyadarshini et al, 2010), ethnically acceptable form of health solutions and trusted by a number of people (Adewale et al, 2015; Prasad & Muralidhara, 2012). There are some plant bioactive compounds like Geraniol, Quercetin, Curcumin and Gallic acid which have natural flavonoid and phenolic compounds with antioxidant, and neuroprotective activity in neurodegenerative disease models (Niveditha et al, 2017)
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