Amelioration of Androgenetic Alopecia by Algal Oligosaccharides Prepared by Deep-Sea Bacterium Biodegradation.

Min Jin,Zhuhua Chan,Yu-Lei Chen,Runying Zeng,Xiongfei He,Yanping Hou

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.567060

Abstract

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-mediated hair loss disorder characterized by shortened anagen hair cycle. Oligosaccharides derived from seaweeds possess diverse biological functions. However, little is known about their effects on AGA. In this study, algal oligosaccharide (AOS) was characterized for its mitigation effects on key features involved in AGA pathogenesis, such as DHT- mediated cellular signaling and shortened anagen hair cycle. AOS with varying degrees of polymerization (DP), namely, AOS (DP2), AOS (DP4–6), and AOS (DP8–12), were prepared by agar biodegradation with Flammeovirga pacifica WPAGA1, an agarolytic bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediments. In vitro results showed that AOS with varying DPs significantly ameliorated the DHT-induced alterations of regulatory factors in human hair follicle dermal papilla cells in a dose- and DP-dependent manner, as revealed by the normalization of several hair-growth-stimulating or inhibitory factors. In vivo studies showed that AOS (DP2) extended the anagen phase and thereby delayed catagen progression in mice. Furthermore, AOS (DP2) stimulated dorsal hair growth in mice by increasing hair length, density, and thickness. Therefore, our findings indicated that AOS antagonized key factors involved in AGA pathogenesis, suggesting the potential application of AOS in the prevention and the treatment of AGA.

Highlights

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), commonly known as male pattern baldness, is an androgendependent hair loss disorder characterized by the progressive transformation of scalp terminal hairs into vellus hairs (Motofei et al, 2018)
The agarolytic bacterium F. pacifica WPAGA1 was isolated from the deep-sea sediments of the West Pacific Ocean (Xu et al, 2012)
We showed that algal oligosaccharide (AOS) exhibited apparent antagonistic effects in a dose- and degrees of polymerization (DP)-dependent manner against DHT-mediated cellular signaling and anagen phase shortening

Summary

Introduction

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), commonly known as male pattern baldness, is an androgendependent hair loss disorder characterized by the progressive transformation of scalp terminal hairs into vellus hairs (Motofei et al, 2018). AGA is the most common type of progressive hair loss disorder in men and women (Lolli et al, 2017). Amelioration of Androgenetic Alopecia by Algal Oligosaccharides more than 70 years are affected by AGA, and the overall prevalence of AGA in Chinese men is 21.3% (Wang et al, 2010). The prevalence of AGA is significantly higher in Caucasians than in Asians; more than 30% of white men will have AGA at age 30, and 80% will have the disorder at age 70 (Severi et al, 2003; Otberg et al, 2007). AGA is a benign condition, it can lead to negative psychological effects, which are associated with depression, anxiety, worries about aging, and low self-esteem, in men and women (Severi et al, 2003)

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