Ameliorating the Adverse Effects of Tomato mosaic tobamovirus Infecting Tomato Plants in Egypt by Boosting Immunity in Tomato Plants Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles.

Ahmed A Hmed,Ahmed R Sofy,Ahmed M Soliman,Noha K El-Dougdoug,Mahmoud R Sofy,Rehab A Dawoud,Abd El-Aleem M Alnaggar

doi:10.3390/molecules26051337

Abstract

Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) is one of the economically damageable Tobamovirus infecting the tomato in Egypt that has caused significant losses. It is therefore of great interest to trigger systemic resistance to ToMV. In this endeavor, we aimed to explore the capacity of ZnO-NPs (zinc oxide nanoparticles) to trigger tomato plant resistance against ToMV. Effects of ZnO-NPs on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) growth indices and antioxidant defense system activity under ToMV stress were investigated. Noticeably that treatment with ZnO-NPs showed remarkably increased growth indices, photosynthetic attributes, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants compared to the challenge control. Interestingly, oxidative damage caused by ToMV was reduced by reducing malondialdehyde, H2O2, and O2 levels. Overall, ZnO-NPs offer a safe and economic antiviral agent against ToMV.

Highlights

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of Egypt’s most valuable economic vegetable crops
In continuity to explore new safe antiviral applicants in our outgoing program [6,10,11], the main aims of this study are to investigate the capacity of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) to effectively trigger resistance in tomato plants against the Tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV) infection
Tomato mosaic virus Egyptian isolate (ToMV-EG) infectious sap has been biologically confirmed by viral infection symptoms in Nicotiana glutinosa and N. tabacum cv

Summary

Introduction

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of Egypt’s most valuable economic vegetable crops. Virus-induced diseases are among the most critical factors affecting tomato production in Egypt [1,2]. Tobamovirus is the largest genus in the Virgaviridae family in which Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) are two economically damageable Tobamoviruses infecting tomato in Egypt [1,2]. ToMV is found in tomatoes worldwide, leading to significant losses [1,3,4]. Nanotechnology has been studied as an alternative management approach, with nanoparticles (NPs) incorporated into viral plant disease control tools offering important plant safety and health potential [5,6]. ZnO-NPs can be absorbed and transferred across the plant through the leaves, ensuring that synergistic nutritional and immune control can be provided, minimizing the seriousness of the disease [5,6,9]

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