Amalgamation of DNAzymes and Nanozymes in a Coronazyme.

Abstract

Artificial enzymes such as nanozymes and DNAzymes are economical and stable alternatives to natural enzymes. By coating Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) with a DNA corona (AuNP@DNA), we amalgamated nanozymes and DNAzymes into a new artificial enzyme with catalytic efficiency 5 times higher than AuNP nanozymes, 10 times higher than other nanozymes, and significantly greater than most of the DNAzymes on the same oxidation reaction. The AuNP@DNA demonstrates excellent specificity as its reactivity on a reduction reaction does not change with respect to pristine AuNP. Single-molecule fluorescence and force spectroscopies and density functional theory (DFT) simulations indicate a long-range oxidation reaction initiated by radical production on the AuNP surface, followed by radical transport to the DNA corona, where the binding and turnover of substrates take place. The AuNP@DNA is named coronazyme because of its natural enzyme mimicking capability through the well-orchestrated structures and synergetic functions. By incorporating different nanocores and corona materials beyond DNAs, we anticipate that the coronazymes represent generic enzyme mimics to carry out versatile reactions in harsh environments.