Alternating Magnetic Field-Triggered Switchable Nanofiber Mesh for Cancer Thermo-Chemotherapy.

Eri Niiyama,Mitsuhiro Ebara,Chun Lee,Kazuma Sakura,Koichiro Uto

doi:10.3390/polym10091018

Abstract

We have developed a smart anti-cancer fiber mesh that is able to control tumor-killing activity against lung adenocarcinoma precisely. The mesh is capable of carrying large loads of chemotherapeutic drug, paclitaxel (PTX), as well as magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The mesh generates heat when the loaded MNPs are activated in an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The mesh is thermo-responsive, so the heat generated can be also used to trigger PTX release from the mesh. An electrospinning method was employed to fabricate the mesh using a copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and N-hydroxymethylacrylamide, the phase transition temperature of which was adjusted to the mild-hyperthermia temperature range around 43 °C. In vitro anti-tumor studies demonstrated that both MNP- and PTX-loaded mesh killed about 66% of cells, whereas only PTX-loaded mesh killed about 43% of cells. In a mouse lung cancer model, the thermo-chemotherapy combo displayed enhanced anti-tumor activity and the systemic toxic effects on mice were eliminated due to local release of the chemotherapeutic agents. The proposed fiber system might provide a blueprint to guide the design of the next generation of local drug delivery systems for safe and effective cancer treatment.

Highlights

Lung cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer deaths in many countries, includingJapan
Temperature-responsive fiber meshes with switchable property were fabricated by electrospinning the copolymer of NIPAAm and HMAAm (Figure 2)
This study demonstrates the efficiency of a combined thermo-chemotherapeutic system against lung cancer models using switchable fiber mesh

Summary

Introduction

Lung cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer deaths in many countries, includingJapan. Lung cancer is currently the most common cause of cancer deaths in many countries, including. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer patients, and usually symptoms do not appear until advanced stages [1]. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy improves survival compared with other conventional chemotherapy regimens, the benefits have been modest [2]. In the last few decades, it has been shown that other chemotherapeutic drugs with novel mechanisms of action, including paclitaxel (PTX), docetaxel, vinorelbine, and gemcitabine, improve survival rates and relieve symptoms in advanced NSCLC cancer patients. Recent studies suggest that using a two-drug combination could be more effective for most lung cancers. The combination of PTX and carboplatin has been a widely used regimen for NSCLC in the USA [3]. A new medication concept called “dose-dense chemotherapy” has gained much attention as it achieves maximum tumor destruction by increasing the rate of chemotherapy delivery, rather than by increasing

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