Abstract
Background: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is a pervasive environmental toxin that is used in the production processes of many consumables and equipment that are in daily application. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of BPA on the structural and functional integrity of the reproductive system in male Wistar rats and its interaction with melatonin. Methods: Adult female rats in pro-estrus phases were mated with adult male rats and the conception determined. The male pups were divided into two groups of A and B. These groups were further subdivided into six subgroups each. They were administered varying low doses of BPA (25 or 50mg/kg) and melatonin (10mg/kg) at neonatal and adolescent ages. The testes, epididymis and blood samples were collected for histological, semen and biochemical investigations, respectively. Results: The results show that BPA caused histological alterations, reduced quality and quantity of sperm cells, and induced oxidative stress at birth and adolescence. Conclusion: Bisphenol A exposure, even at low dose, is toxic to the male reproductive system, and melatonin administration did not significantly improve the alterations caused by the BPA.
Highlights
B isphenol-A, 2,2-bis-4-hydroxyphenyl propane (BPA), is an endocrine disruptor which mimics the actions of endogenous estrogen
The results demonstrated that BPA caused histological alterations, reduced quality and quantity of sperm cells and induced oxidative stress at birth and at adolescence
Effects on testicular microstructures: As seen in Figure 1, exposure to BPA was associated with decreased intercellular space, distortion of the sperm cells lumen, with marked disruptions of the epithelial lining of sperm cells, especially in groups exposed to 50mg/kg BPA
Summary
B isphenol-A, 2,2-bis-4-hydroxyphenyl propane (BPA), is an endocrine disruptor which mimics the actions of endogenous estrogen. This compound is an environmental contaminant widely used as monomers to manufacture polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins i.e., plastics that line food and drink containers, thermal receipts, and medical devices, such as dental sealants. Studies on the effects of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) on the reproductive functions of animals have raised health concerns. In response to these concerns, the World Health Organization (WHO) has several publications, including the recent State of the Science of endocrine disrupting chemicals in 2012 [2]. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of BPA on the structural and functional integrity of the reproductive system in male Wistar rats and its interaction with melatonin
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