Abstract
Accumulating studies demonstrate emotional and cognitive dysregulation in the euthymic period of pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). However, the relative contribution of functional integration in human brain to disturbed emotion and cognitive function in the euthymic PBD patients remains unclear. In this study, 16 euthymic PBD patients and 16 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A data-driven functional connectivity analysis was used to investigate functional connectivity changes of the euthymic PBD. Compared with healthy controls, the euthymic PBD exhibited greater global functional connectivity density in the left anterior insula and lower global functional connectivity density in the right temporoparietal junction, the left angular gyrus, and the bilateral occipital lobule. A distant functional connectivity analysis demonstrated altered integration within the salience and default mode networks in euthymic PBD. Correlation analysis found that altered functional connectivity of the salience network was related to the reduced performance in the backward digit span test, and altered functional connectivity of the default mode network was related to the Young Mania Rating Scale in euthymic PBD patients. Our findings indicated that disturbed functional integration in salience and default mode networks might shed light on the physiopathology associated with emotional and cognitive dysregulation in PBD.
Highlights
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and debilitating mental illness and has been increasingly diagnosed in pediatric age children
There was no significant difference in gender, age, education years, IQ, Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ), Trail Marking Test (TMT), and Digit Span Test (DST)-F scores between the euthymic pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) and healthy control (HC) groups (P > 0:05)
For almost all Tc thresholds, we found the highest global functional connectivity density (FCD) in the precuneus, angular gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, occipital cortex, superior temporal cortex, superior frontal gyrus, and the cerebellum, while the cluster size of the regions grew smaller as the Tc threshold increased
Summary
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and debilitating mental illness and has been increasingly diagnosed in pediatric age children Retrospective studies indicated that symptoms in 55-60% of adults with BD begin in childhood or adolescence [2]. It is important to understand the developmental pathophysiology of BD by investigating pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD). Little is known about the neurocognitive mechanisms of the euthymic phase of PBD
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