Abstract
Introduction: It remains unknown whether volumetric alterations of ventricles are similar or not in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) among different mood states. The present study aims to estimate ventricular volumetric alteration of PBD patients in manic and euthymic status, as well as the relationship between this alteration and cognitive changes.Methods: T1 magnetic resonance images were obtained from 20 manic PBD patients, 21 euthymic PBD patients, and 19 healthy controls (HCs). Ventricular volumes were automatically obtained via FreeSurfer 6.0 software. Ventricular volumes and cognitive indices were compared among the three groups, and the relationship between ventricular volumes and cognitive/clinical indices was analyzed.Results: In contrast to HCs, manic and euthymic PBD patients exhibited decreased cognitive scores of the Stroop color-word test and the digit span subtest. Manic PBD subjects presented enlarged volumes in the bilateral ventricles, third ventricle, and whole ventricles, and euthymic PBD participants displayed increased volumes in the third ventricle, fourth ventricle, and whole ventricles. No significant differences in cognitive performance and ventricular volumes were found between PBD groups. No significant correlation was discovered between ventricular volumes and cognitive/clinical indices in both manic and euthymic PBD patients.Conclusions: No significant differences in cognitive performance and ventricle volume were observed between euthymic and manic PBD groups, which may imply that the alterations are not specific to mood state. It may indicate structural and functional damage of corresponding brain circuits in euthymic PBD patients similar with that of manic PBD, which may provide clues to the diagnosis and treatment of euthymic PBD.
Highlights
It remains unknown whether volumetric alterations of ventricles are similar or not in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) among different mood states
Deficits of Stroop color-word test (SCWT) may imply that the manic and euthymic PBD subjects were damaged in brain areas such as the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, lingual gyrus, and extrastriate cortex, which are involved in executive control, speed of color processing, and word-form processing [28]
Current results were in line with those of a previous study, that showed poorer performance of SCWT was discovered in PBD patients than in healthy controls (HCs) [29]
Summary
It remains unknown whether volumetric alterations of ventricles are similar or not in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) among different mood states. Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) is a severe psychiatric illness that recurrently attacks patients, marked by manic or hypomanic depressed episodes, and separated by euthymic periods. The third and lateral ventricle volumes in the first episode of adult BD [13] and the cerebral ventricular size in young male BD patients were shown to be increased [14]. Different results have been reported, such as finding no lateral ventricle volume alteration in euthymic and manic BD adults [16,17,18].
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