Alteration of Blood Parameters in Non-Dialyzed Patients of Chronic Kidney Disease

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious health problem that can lead to end-stage renal disease. Patients with CKD are usually suffered from anemia, which is one of the major consequences of kidney damage which in turn lead to reduce quality of life, increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment. The study aimed to assess the hematological abnormalities in the CKD patients during pre-dialyzed conditions in EL-Beyda City. The study was included 107 patients who are attended to Nephrology Department in EL-Bayda Medical Center in the period from November 2021 to March 2022. The study was included all CKD stages and were not on dialysis and they were following upped by these centers regularly each month. Data sources were obtained from the personal interview with patients and the records files in Nephrology units. Blood samples were taken in EDTA tube to measure complete blood counts (CBC) include hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), Mean cell volume (MCV), Mean cell hemoglobin (MCH), Mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), white blood cells (WBC) and platelets count (PLT), as well as renal function tests (blood urea and creatinine). The data were analyzed by Minitab version17. Out of 107 patients were included in this study, 63(58.8%) of patients were females and 44(41.1%) were males, The majority of patients had chronic diseases which could be the contributing cause of CKD; 62% were suffered from hypertension, 40% suffered from diabetes. Anemia was the main abnormality in our study which observed in 49 of participants (45.8%) while the others were non anemic accounting 54% (14.6±0.23). There was a significant difference in the mean of hemoglobin and hematocrit between anemic and non-anemic participants (p- value=0.000). Red cell indices showed normocytic normochromic anemia, thrombocytopenia was noticed in 7 (14%) of patients and leukocytosis was reported in 9 (18%) of them. We can conclude that developing of anemia in CKD patients is associated with poor outcomes and requires a careful management to avoid comorbidities.