Abstract
The use of intensive soil tillage systems can provoke the degradation of the soil quality. The no-tillage system has presented positive results in soil erosion control and improvement of the soil fertility. The periodic chiseling of the soil for the control of the superficial compaction in no-tillage has frequently been used in the management system of clay texture soils. The objective of the present study was to evaluate some chemical properties of a Eutrophic Oxisol under two soil management systems, implanted 10 years ago: no-tillage with crop rotation (NT) and no-tillage with crop succession using chiseling of the soil before the summer crop and direct sowing of the winter crop (DD). Soil samples were collected in 2002 at the depths of 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.40 and 0.40-0.60m. It was evaluated the following soil chemical properties: soil organic carbon, available P (Mehlich-1), pH (CaCl2), Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+. pH values were higher in DD in the 0.05m depth, lowering to the 0.20m depth, which was different of NT. In the 0-0.20m depth was verified that DD presented higher cation exchange capacity, Ca+2 and P available compared to the NT; in NT was observed higher P available in 0-0.05m depth. Both management systems presented identical values of Mg+2 and K+ in soil profile
Highlights
O avanço da agricultura nos solos paranaenses ocorreu com a retirada da mata nativa e a introdução de sistemas agrícolas tradicionais que utilizavam o revolvimento freqüente e intensivo do solo
Santos e Siqueira (1996) e Santos e Tomm (1999) verificaram que para aumentar os teores de matéria orgânica é indispensável a adoção de rotação de culturas em consonância com a redução na mobilização do solo
Outras propriedades ou elementos químicos têm sido estudados em relação aos sistemas de manejo
Summary
O avanço da agricultura nos solos paranaenses ocorreu com a retirada da mata nativa e a introdução de sistemas agrícolas tradicionais que utilizavam o revolvimento freqüente e intensivo do solo. A melhoria dos teores de P em solos sob plantio direto também se deve a menor mobilização do solo, além da formação de complexos de P com a matéria orgânica, da maior atividade biológica e da reciclagem do nutriente pelas raízes e resíduos das culturas (Muzilli, 1983; Santos e Siqueira, 1996; Silveira e Stone, 2001).
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