Abstract
Sperm DNA is known to contribute one half of the genomic material to offspring. Normal sperm genetic material is required for fertilization, embryo and fetal development and adequate postnatal development. Abnormal DNA can lead to derangements in any of these processes. Sperm DNA is normally resistant to many types of insult. Recent reports have raised concern about decreasing male fertility caused by genomic abnormalities. Several reports describe increased congenital anomalies and testicular cancer in children. Defects in the genomic material may take the form of condensation or nuclear maturity defects, DNA breaks or DNA integrity defects and sperm chromosomal aneuploidy. Recently, sperm DNA has been recognized as an independent measure of sperm quality. The quality of sperm DNA has been shown to affect fertility both in vivo and in vitro. The cause of infertility in infertile men with normal semen parameters could be related to abnormal sperm DNA. The evaluation of sperm DNA integrity, in addition to routine sperm parameters, could add further information on the quality of spermatozoa. This could help in the correct identification of male infertility and in advising couples on the management of infertility.
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