All-Polymer Electrolytic Tilt Sensor with Conductive Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Electrodes

Abstract

In this study, an all-polymer electrolytic tilt sensor with conductive and corrosion-resistant poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) electrodes was designed and its performances were characterized. A PDMS cavity in the sensor for holding an electrolyte was fabricated by soft lithography using an ultraviolet-sensitive polymer. A conductive PDMS composite (gPDMS) with graphite powder was used for the electrode to measure the inclination angle of the electrolyte. A gPDMS composite with a graphite concentration above 40 wt % was able to function as a conductive polymer. The fabricated all-polymer tilt sensor exhibited a detectable inclination range of ±60° and showed a relatively linear output signal compared with those exhibited by conventional micromachined tilt sensors with axis asymmetrical cavities. The maximum hysteresis of the output signal was approximately 0.1 Vrms when the sensor repeatedly tilted and leveled off. In addition to the fundamental characterization of the sensor, various characteristics of the all-polymer tilt sensor, such as time-dependent and electrolyte-volume-dependent variations in the output signal, were investigated in this study. While the performance of the proposed sensor was comparable to that of conventional silicon-micromachined tilt sensors, the sensor could be produced at a fraction of the cost required to fabricate the conventional sensors.