ALLEVIATION OF SOIL SALINITY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF RICE CULTIVARS USING Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi AND Pseudomonas STRAINS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Firouz Norouzinia,Saeed Firozi,Mohammad Hossein Ansari,Hashem Aminpanah

doi:10.32404/rean.v7i1.4042

Firouz Norouzinia, Saeed Firozi + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.32404/rean.v7i1.4042

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Abstract

Rice cultivation in Iran has a special place and its cultivation area is about 640,000 ha. Soil salinization is one of the most factor in reducing of grain yields and cultivation of paddy rice. Currently, half of Iran's cultivated lands (9.5 million ha) are affected by salinity, which has a major impact on crop yields. For this purpose, an field experiment conducted with the use of microorganisms (Pseudomonas putida strain S34, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain R167, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Rhizophagus irregularis), co-inoculation of P.putida + P.fluorescens + AMF, and a non-inoculated treatment as control) on two rice cultivars (Hashemi and Gilane) in saline and normal soil in north of Iran during the 2018 and 2019. The results showed interactions of microorganisms and soil condition could alleviate the adverse effects of salinity by decreasing H2O2 (14-71% in normal soil and 44-281% in saline soil) and increasing catalase (CAT) activity (39.5-65% in Gilane and 45-61% in Hashemi), proline (17-46% in Gilane and 13.5-52% in Hashemi) and nitrogen (N) concentrations (12-27% in normal soil and 7-23% in saline soil) of leaves. Also microorganisms significantly increased tiller, panicle and grain number plant-1, and biological and grain yield (23-44.5% and 32.5-56% in normal and saline soil, respectively). Furthermore, the greatest mitigating effects were observed in treated by P.putida + P.fluorescens + AMF plants. This study indicated that P.putida + P.fluorescens + AMF synergistically mitigate harmful impacts of soil salinity in rice cultivars.

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) being the staple food of more than half of the world population, has been encountered higher production against increasingly demand (Kaur et al, 2016)
Experimental factors consisted of soil condition as main plot and rice cultivars (Hashemi and Gilane), microorganisms (Pseudomonas putida strain S34, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain R167, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Rhizophagus irregularis), co-inoculation of Pseudomonas putida + Pseudomonas fluorescens + AMF, and a non-inoculated treatment as control)
Plant sampling In growth stages of rice at T, P, H, D eight randomly chosen plants were removed from each plot and in the flag leaves, total chlorophyll content were determined by Arnon (1949) method

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) being the staple food of more than half of the world population, has been encountered higher production against increasingly demand (Kaur et al, 2016). AMFmediated improvement in mineral uptake may lead to increased growth and development of plants, and may confer resistance to abiotic and biotic stress (Smith and Read, 2008; Gianinazzi et al, 2010; Liu et al, 2015). In addition to these benefits to plants, AMF may improve soil structure, ameliorate drought and salinity stress, and affect the diversity of plant communities (Mummey and Rillig, 2006; Smith et al, 2009; van der Heijden, 2010).

Experimental site and plant growth conditions

Bacterial Inoculant Preparation and Sowing Conditions

Total Chlorophyll content

Conclusions

Bibliographic References